Victoria and the Empire

A global power1714 to 1901

Queen Victoria was reigning when the British Empire grew into the largest the world had ever seen, stretching across continents and colonies, with a population later estimated at more than 400 million.

Queen Victoria's reign lasted almost 64 years, longer than that of any monarch before her, a length of time that let the Victorian age put its stamp on the whole century.

Government and engineering both moved with the times, each reshaping daily life in its own way. The Corn Laws had once worked at preventing the import of cheap grain, until reform finally swept them away. On the railways, meanwhile, George and Robert Stephenson, father and son, pioneered the railway engine, work that carried transport, trade and travel forward through the rest of the period.

What to remember

Known for
The British Empire in the Victorian agean estimated population of more than 400 million people, the largest empire the world had seen

The largest empire the world had seen; the figure is the handbook's own estimate.

Queen Victoria's reignlasting almost 64 years, until 1901

She became queen at 18; the handbook (2013) calls it the longest reign of any British monarch.

The Corn Lawspreventing the import of cheap grain

Repealed in 1846, one of the century's reforms.

Who did what
Was reigning when the British Empire became the largest empire the world had seenQueen Victoria

Her reign is known as the Victorian Age.

Pioneered the railway engineGeorge and Robert Stephenson

Father and son; the railways then expanded greatly in the Victorian period.

Everything in A global poweror the whole course, from the beginning